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Ferenc Erkel (November 7, 1810, Gyula - June 25, 1893, Budapest) was a Hungarian composer. He was a father of Hungarian grand opera, written mainly around historical themes, which are then however typically performed in Hungary. He as well composed a music of "Himnusz", the national anthem of Hungary, which was adopted in 1844. A librettos of his number one 4 operas were written by Béni Egressy. Beside a operas, which he is the better known of, he wrote pieces for piano & chorus. His virtually all widely known soft piece is the Rákóczi March (1840).
He headed a Budapest Philharmonic Orchestra (founded inside 1853). A Hungarian State Opera House in Budapest was opened in 1884, of which he was a musical director. The department of the Opera was established around 1911 within Budapest which as well performs operas, known as Erkel Színház (Erkel Theatre) since 1953. He was besides a director & piano teacher of the Hungarian Academy of Music until 1886.
Erkel was an internationally acknowledged chess player as well.
Operas
Bátori Mária (1840, 2 acts; Mária Bátori is the lover of László, boy of Coloman of Hungary
Hunyadi László (1844, four acts)
Erzsébet (1857, terzetto acts, exclusively a 2nd is by Erkel)
Bánk bán (1861, ternion acts; Bánk bán occurs as palatine of Andrew II) – this opera is often thought of when "the" national opera of Hungary
Sarolta (1862, deuce-ace acts)
Dózsa György (1867, five acts)
Brankovics György (1874, four acts)
Névtelen hősök (1880, "Nameless heroes", 4 acts)
István király (1885, "King Stephen", four acts)
Kemény Simon (remained within fragments; aforethought to become of 3 acts)
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